Browsing by Author "Valdés Badilla, Pablo"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento muscular sobre la composición corporal y fuerza máxima en estudiantes universitarios según su índice de masa corporal inicial
    (2021) Aravena Sagardia, Pablo; García Sandoval, Alán; Herrera Valenzuela, Tomás; Magnani Branco, Braulio Henrique; Vargas Vitoria, Rodrigo; Valdés Badilla, Pablo
    Introducción: Los ejercicios de entrenamiento muscular deben ser adaptados a las características de las personas y dosificados de manera individual para lograr los máximos beneficios. Objetivo: Comparar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento muscular sobre la composición corporal y fuerza máxima en estudiantes universitarios físicamente activos, según su índice de masa corporal (IMC) inicial. Material y métodos: Veinticuatro estudiantes de Pedagogía en Educación Física (15 hombres y 9 mujeres) completaron un programa de entrenamiento muscular supervisado que duró ocho semanas (16 sesiones). Los estudiantes fueron distribuidos previamente en grupo bajo la media del IMC (GBM; n= 11; 7 hombres y 4 mujeres) y grupo sobre la media del IMC (GSM; n= 13; 8 hombres y 5 mujeres). Se midió el peso corporal, estatura bípeda, IMC, composición corporal (masa adiposa y masa muscular) y fuerza máxima del tren superior (press de banco plano y press militar) e inferior (sentadilla paralela (45°) y peso muerto) por medio de una repetición máxima (1RM). Resultados: La masa adiposa disminuyó significativamente (p <0,05) con un pequeño tamaño del efecto (d <0,30) en ambos grupos (GBM y GSM). Mientras que la masa muscular, aumentó significativamente (p =0,008) sólo en el GSM con un pequeño tamaño del efecto (d =0,36). La fuerza máxima del tren inferior y superior aumentó significativamente (p <0,05) con un pequeño y moderado tamaño del efecto (d <0,80) en el GBM y GSM. Las comparaciones entre los grupos no revelaron diferencias significativas. Conclusiones: Un programa de entrenamiento muscular de ocho semanas produce una reducción significativa de la masa adiposa y un aumento significativo de la fuerza máxima del tren superior e inferior en estudiantes universitarios físicamente activos, independiente a su IMC inicial. Sin embargo, sólo el GSM consigue un aumento significativo de la masa muscular
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Effect of a Short HIIT Program with Specific Techniques on Physical Condition and Activity during Simulated Combat in National-Level Boxers
    (2021-08-05) Herrera Valenzuela, Tomás; Carter, Johan; Leiva, Elvis; Valdés Badilla, Pablo; Ojeda Aravena, Alex; Franchini, Emerson
    The present study investigated the effect of an additional short-duration HIIT program using boxing-specific techniques on activity during a simulated competition. Additionally, we investigated the impact on physical fitness, specifically aerobic performance and lower-body muscle power. Sixteen boxers were randomized into a control (n = 8) or experimental groups (n = 8). The experimental protocol consisted of 3 blocks of 5 repetitions of 30s all-out effort, with 6s recovery between repetitions and 1 min rest interval between blocks, conducted 3 days per week for 4 weeks. A two-way (group, two levels; moment, two levels) analysis of variance with repeated measurements in the second factor was used. For the experimental group, there was a change in body mass (ES = −0.13 (trivial)), body fat percentage (ES = −0.12 (trivial)), VO2max (ES = +0.42 (small)), CMJ (ES = +0.12 (trivial)), CMJ-left (ES = −0.11 (trivial)), CMJ-right (ES = +0.22 (trivial)), actions (ES = +0.68 (moderate)), time (ES = −0.29 (small)) and punches (ES = +0.56 (moderate)). For the control group, there was a change in body mass (ES = +0.04 (trivial)), body fat percentage (ES = −0.12 (trivial)), VO2max (ES = +0.11 (trivial)), CMJ (ES = −0.27 (small)), CMJ-left (ES = −0.39 (small)), CMJ-right (ES = +0.08 (trivial)), actions (ES = +0.08 (trivial)), time (ES = −0.65 (moderate)) and punches (ES = −0.57 (moderate)). The punches variable was significant concerning group-by-time interaction (F1,14 = 11.630; p = 0.004; n2 = 0.454). The present study indicated that the addition of a boxing-specific HIIT program is effective to increase the number of punches during a simulated match.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Effects of 4 Weeks of a Technique-Specific Protocol with High-Intensity Intervals on General and Specific Physical Fitness in Taekwondo Athletes: An Inter-Individual Analysis
    (2021) Ojeda Aravena, Alex; Herrera Valenzuela, Tomás; Valdés Badilla, Pablo; Cancino López, Jorge; Zapata Bastias, José; García García, José Manuel
    The aim of this research was to compare the effects of a technique-specific high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol vs. traditional taekwondo training on physical fitness and body composition in taekwondo athletes, as well as to analyse the inter-individual response. Utilising a parallel controlled design, sixteen male and female athletes (five females and 11 males) were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) that participated in the technique-specific HIIT and a control group (CG) that participated in traditional taekwondo training. Both groups trained three days/week for four weeks. Squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 5-metre sprint (5M), 20-metre shuttle run (20MSR), taekwondo specific agility test (TSAT), multiple frequency speed of kick test (FSKTMULT), total kicks, and kick decrement index (KDI), as well as body composition were evaluated. Results indicate that there are no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the factors group and time factor and group by time interaction (p > 0.05). Although percentage and effect size increases were documented for post-intervention fitness components in TSAT, total kicks, KDI, and 20MSR, responders and non-responders were also documented. In conclusion, a HIIT protocol based on taekwondo-specific technical movements does not report significant differences in fitness and body composition compared to traditional taekwondo training, nor inter-individual differences between athletes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Effects of Olympic Combat Sports on Older Adults’ Health Status: A Systematic Review
    (2021-07-10) Valdés Badilla, Pablo; Herrera Valenzuela, Tomás; Ramirez Campillo, Rodrigo; Aedo Muñoz, Esteban; Báez San Martín, Eduardo; Ojeda Aravena, Alex; Magnani Branco, Braulio Henrique
    The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the studies centered on the effects of Olympic combat sports (OCS [i.e., boxing, fencing, judo, karate, taekwondo, wrestling]) on older adults’ physical-functional, physiological, and psychoemotional health status. The review comprised randomised-controlled trials with OCS interventions, including older adults (≥60 years), and measures of physical-functional, physiological, and/or psychoemotional health. The studies were searched through SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and EBSCO databases until 5 January 2021. The PRISMA-P and TESTEX scales were used to assess the quality of the selected studies. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42020204034). Twelve OCS intervention studies were found (scored ≥ 60% for methodological quality), comprising 392 females and 343 males (mean age: 69.6 years), participating in boxing, judo, karate, and taekwondo. The qualitative analysis revealed that compared to controls, OCS training improved muscle strength, cardiorespiratory capacity, agility, balance, movement, attention, memory, mental health, anxiety, and stress tolerance. Meta-analysis was available only for the chair stand test, and an improvement was noted after OCS training compared to control. In conclusion, OCS interventions improves older adults’ physical-functional, physiological, and psychoemotional health. Our systematic review confirms that OCS training has high adherence (greater than 80%) in older adults.