Browsing by Author "Oyanedel, Eduardo"

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    Germination and development of M1 seedlings of two Selliera radicans Cav. accessions subjected to gamma radiation
    (2021-12-01) Soto, Fabián; Peñaloza, Patricia; Oyanedel, Eduardo; Schiappacasse, Flavia; Durán, Oscar; Vidal, Alexis
    Selliera radicans is a creeping plant native to Chile, New Zealand and Australia. It is increasingly used in the ornamental industry, and there is interest in breeding it to create commercial varieties. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of gamma radiation applied to the seeds on the germination and development of seedlings (M1) and the LD50 of two accessions of Selliera radicans for use in the induction of mutations. Seeds of the Vichuquén and La Serena accessions were exposed to 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 Gy from a 60Co source. Weekly germination percentages along with seedling numbers and lengths were recorded. Vichuquén seeds were more sensitive to this physical agent. The LD50 was 243.9 Gy for Vichuquén and 445.6 Gy for La Serena. Seedling lengths reached almost 4 mm for Vichuquén and 11.3 mm for La Serena at 12 weeks after sowing. Doses lower than 200 Gy are recommended since higher doses do not allow the development of seedlings to the extended cotyledon stage.
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    Impact of Mother Plant Saline Stress on the Agronomical Qualityof Pepper Seeds
    (Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2020) Pezo, Carolina; Valdebenito, Samuel; Flores, Fernanda; Oyanedel, Eduardo; Vidal, Kooichi; Neaman, Alexander; Peñaloza, Patricia
    Seed quality has been an important factor in achieving high germination and uniform growth rates in agricultural crops.Meanwhile, pepper plants are moderately sensitive to salt stress at electrical conductivity (EC) in the nutrient solution in therange of 1.2–3.0 dS m−1. We are unaware of any studies regarding the effects of mother plant saline stress on the agronomicalquality of pepper seeds. We assessed the effects of three levels of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution used for motherplant fertigation (2.2, 3.5, and 4.5 dS m−1) on the agronomical quality of pepper seeds (Capsicum annuumL. var. CaliforniaWonder). We have analyzed the following seed quality traits: (1) size and weight of seeds and number of seeds per fruit, (2) seedgermination and vigor, and (3) chemical composition and histological features of mature seeds. The electrical conductivitytreatment of 3.5 dS m−1caused a statistically significant reduction in the seed size and vigor, as well as partial histologicaldamage to seed endosperm. Moreover, the electrical conductivity treatment of 4.5 dS m−1caused further reduction in the seedagronomical quality and generalized histological damage to seed endosperm. The electrical conductivity of the nutrient solutionused for the fertigation of mother pepper plants should be below 3.5 dS m−1. Future studies should be performed to better gaugethe effect of nutrient solutions with electrical conductivity in the range of 2.2–3.5 dS m−1on the seed quality traits.
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    Introducing Chaos Theory: A Life Sciences Students’ Perspective
    (2024-10-18) Perea Martins, João E. M.; Oyanedel, Eduardo; Campos-Soto, Ricardo
    This article details a concise in-class workshop to introduce life science students to basic chaos theory concepts, which is a modern subject and has high potential for applications in life sciences and other fields, justifying its knowledge. The teaching approach is based on a pragmatic strategy that uses only the essential mathematical and computing concepts required to reach the learning outcome, which this article explains step-by-step and, therefore, at least in expectation, even students or professors with no previous software knowledge could understand them. The proposed educational approach uses a meaningful learning approach, and population growth models as an educational anchor subject, which is a common subject for life science students and may be intuitive for students from other areas. Feedback from 70 students surveyed after the workshop yielded positive results, and 72.9% of the students expressed confidence in explaining basic chaos theory concepts following the session, and 94.7% stated they would recommend it to their peers, which underscores the present proposal feasibility.