Browsing by Author "Figueroa-Fábrega, Luis"

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    Cambios en la densidad y distribución espacial de las poblaciones del género Fissurella Spp. (Fissurellidae) y de Concholepas Concholepas (Muricidae), en áreas de manejo y explotación de recursos bentónicos con extracción de Lessonia Trabeculata (Phaeophyceae) de las regiones de Atacama y Coquimbo.
    (2020-08) Morales Gallardo, Vanessa; Padilla Zambrano, Tiare; Figueroa-Fábrega, Luis; Ariz, Luis
    Lessonia trabeculata es conocida por su rol como estructurador del ecosistema marino. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, las densidades naturales del alga han disminuido considerablemente, debido a la intensa actividad extractiva. Concholepas concholepas, Fissurella latimarginata y Fussurella cumingi son especies que cohabitan con huiro palo, por ende, dependen en gran medida unas de otras. Por este motivo el objetivo de este estudio es determinar si la extracción del recurso L. trabeculata genera cambios en la dinámica de las poblaciones submareales de C. concholepas, F. latimarginata y F. cumingi. Para ello se analizaron las densidades históricas registradas en AMERBs representativas de las Regiones de Atacama y Coquimbo. Los resultados muestran que tanto en las áreas de manejo de Atacama como en las de Coquimbo existen cuatro tendencias marcadas en la relación entre las densidades de L. trabeculata y C. concholepas, F. latimarginata y F. cumingi, observándose que áreas donde la densidad del huiro palo es alta, existen dos posibles situaciones; la primera en donde también lo es para los otros recursos asociados o que no lo sea. Y la segunda, en donde la baja densidad de huiro palo, genera mayor o menor densidad en el resto de los recursos.
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    Marine stocking in Chile: a review of past progress and future opportunities for enhancing marine artisanal fisheries
    (2021-08-24) Cárcamo, P. Francisco; Henríquez-Antipa, Luis A.; Galleguillos, Francisco; Figueroa-Fábrega, Luis; Taylor, Matthew D.
    Chile has a long history of restocking, stock enhancement, and translocation to support artisanal or small-scale fisheries; however, these programs have been scarcely discussed in the scientific literature. Here, we present a review of previous initiatives and discuss specific areas for future progress. We identified 204 releases across 117 different areas, involving 7 taxonomic groups and 22 species (20 marine and 2 freshwater). Marine stocking mainly occurred within the context of the spatial framework through which artisanal fisheries are managed [Management and Exploitation Areas for Benthic Resources (MEABR)], and over 60% involved translocation of wild individuals rather than release of hatchery-reared seed. While “stock enhancement” was the primary intention for most releases, it is unclear whether depleted spawning biomass or other recruitment limitations were the primary motivation, and few projects reported more than one stocking event. The echinoid Loxechinus albus and the gastropod Concholepas concholepas were the main target species. Only 6% of projects examined reported positive results that could be linked to releases, and none reported the use of tagging or analysis of costs or benefits. There are several areas for targeted development that should improve the social and economic outcomes from marine stocking activities. This synthesis provides a snapshot of marine stocking in Chile to date and highlights opportunities that are relevant to both Chile and other nations with substantial small-scale fisheries.
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    Seaweed restocking along the Chilean coast: History, present, and inspiring recommendations for sustainability
    (2023-01-09) Oyarzo-Miranda, Carolina; Otaíza, Ricardo; Bellorín, Alexis; Alonso Vega, J.M.; Tala, Fadia; Lagos, Nelson A.; Oyarzún, Fernanda X.; Estévez, Rodrigo A.; Latorre-Padilla, Nicolás; Mora Tapia, Ana María; Figueroa-Fábrega, Luis; Jara-Yáñez, Roddy; Bulboa, Cristian; Contreras-Porcia, Loretto
    Several seaweed species are commercialized worldwide both due to high demand for food and feed and as a raw material for the extraction of phycocolloids such as agar, carrageenan, and alginates that are used broadly in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Chile is the world’s leading marine seaweed biomass producer when it comes to the exploitation of natural kelp beds. This extraction pressure has persisted for decades and has resulted in a reduction in natural stocks along the benthic ecosystems of the Chilean coast. Over the last three decades, several strategies aimed at restoring seaweed stocks have been implemented (i.e., sexual and asexual reproduction, the use of spore-type propagules or fragments of thalli, and entire thallus transplants). Success rates have varied, but the biological feasibility of such strategies has been demonstrated for several species. However, technological improvements must be achieved to move from small-scale, pilot experiments to cost-effective restocking strategies that are easy to transfer to fisher communities and another end-user, scalable to marine field conditions, and socio-ecologically sustainable. Researchers in other geographic areas have explored similar pathways for developing kelp restocking strategies and have tackled the research gaps regarding its massification. This work summarizes the research activities carried out in recent decades in the search for sustainable strategies to restore algal stocks in Chile.