Repositorio Institucional
El Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Viña del Mar es un espacio de almacenamiento, preservación y difusión del material documental producido por académicos y estudiantes en las áreas de docencia, investigación y vinculación con el medio.
En este espacio podrá encontrar: artículos de revistas, reportes de investigación, tesis de pre y postgrado, material docente, documentación académica y aportes de miembros de nuestra Universidad en Medios de Comunicación nacionales y regionales.
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Recent Submissions
Potenciales implicaciones en la aplicación metodológica del Design Thinking en procesos de diseño urbano. Análisis desde la experiencia del diseñador
(2022-06) Carrasco Pizarro, Carolina; Rivera Marchevsky, Maite; Acosta Scandela, Luisa; David, Beatrice; Lazo de la Cerda, Marcela
La metodología de Design Thinking en procesos de diseño urbano, como una herramienta procedimental útil para orientarlos de manera situada en el territorio y de forma innovadora frente a desafíos complejos, y que permite el aprendizaje durante el proceso mediante la acción reflexiva. El estudio se basa en el análisis de la experiencia de diseñadores y académicos involucrados en proyectos desarrollados en el marco del Magíster en Diseño de Ciudades Integradas (MDCI) de la Universidad Viña del Mar, Chile (2019-2020), quienes implementaron la metodología bajo la hipótesis de que esta es una herramienta innovadora en tres aspectos: la empatización, la iteración y la escalabilidad. La metodología de investigación es cualitativa del tipo fenomenológica, analiza las experiencias comunes y distintas de los profesionales. Estas se evaluaron mediante entrevistas grupales. El análisis de los datos se desplegó a través de métodos de codificación basados en la teoría fundamentada (Grounded Theory), identificando experiencias relevantes para el proceso de diseño urbano que promuevan la capacidad de innovación en proyectos de este tipo. Se identificaron nueve dimensiones de innovación relevantes, en tanto el Design Thinking 1) se enfoca en el proceso mismo y no necesariamente en el proyecto final, promoviendo el conocimiento situado mediante la experimentación basada en artefactos y experiencias; 2) origina interrogaciones constantes y el aprendizaje durante el proceso de iteración, situando al diseñador como un facilitador; 3) impulsa formas de gobernanza local para un problema específico, incorporando diversos enfoques experienciales a la hora de abordar el problema urbano.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma in coca chewers from a north region of Argentina: A case series and review of literature
(2022-02-28) Molina-Ávila, Ignacio; Arellano Rojas, Andrea; Gilligan, Gerardo; Cordero-Torres, Karina
Chewing coca leaves is a habit still practiced in Bolivia, Peru and Argentina. There is scarce evidence in the relationship between this habit and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), some authors have found oral epithelial changes in coca chewers. This study aimed to present a case series of patients with a coca chewing habit that developed OSCC, in the absence of risk factors for oral cancer. Patients were evaluated in Hospital Señor del Milagro, Salta, Argentina. None of them had a relevant morbid history and presented intraoral tumors, with an ulcerated surface on the gingivobuccal complex. Coca chewing habit was recorded in all cases. Present cases could start discussions and new lines of researches focusing on the habit of coca leaves chewing as a risk factor for OSCC. It would be very useful to know the underlying mechanisms between this habit and a possible role in oral carcinogenesis.
The Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) capabilities for detecting Gamma Ray Bursts
(2022-03-18) Sarmiento-Cano, Christian; Asorey, H.; Sacahui, J.R.; Otiniano, L.; Sidelnik, I.; LAGO Collaboration; Echiburu, Mauricio A.
The Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) consists of a network of small water Cherenkov detectors (WCD) located at different sites in Latin America. It is a large aperture observatory sensitive to high energy gamma rays and due to its high duty cycle, LAGO constitutes a facility to detect transient events from the ground. Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are of the brightest transients detected, with typical energies in their prompt phase ranging from keV to MeV, but theoretical models predict emissions at higher energies in the early times of the afterglow emission, and recently GRB190114C was the first GRB detected at TeV energies by the MAGIC experiment. In this work, we present the results of the expected sensitivity of LAGO for possible events like GRB190114C. We performed simulations in four of the high altitude LAGO sites projected to assess the sensitivity of the Observatory for this kind of events, using the ARTI toolkit developed by LAGO. We simulate photon showers with different spectral slopes and energies from 200 GeV to 1 TeV using the parameters presented by MAGIC for the recorded event. We also present maps of field of view of the studied sites with the observed GRBs by Fermi-GBM from 2019 to 2021.
Adaptation to Chilean Spanish of Dynamic Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (DLOTCA)
(2022-03-11) Neumann-Collyer, Vivian; Moena González, Boris Paolo; Alvarez Espinoza, Evelyn; Cruz San Martin, Gabriela Paz; Rauch-Gajardo, Maria Francisca; Hernández-Pérez, Karla
Objective
To adapt the tenth version in English of the Dynamic Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment to Chilean Spanish.
Method
The DLOTCA application manual was adapted into Spanish. The process followed the general guidelines for the translation and adaptation of instruments of the World Health Organization (WHO), with direct translation, a panel discussion of experts, back translation, pre-tests, and cognitive interviews with users.
Results
A direct translation into Spanish was obtained by two bilingual occupational therapists that were subjected to adjustments by a panel of experts composed of 6 occupational therapists, of the total of 28 sub-tests, the expert committee had no discrepancy in 20 of them, of which 8 remaining modifications were made. A back translation of the version obtained is carried out, where there were only discrepancies with one term, which was resolved by the research team. Finally, a pre-test was applied to 13 adults with brain damage, the adjustments in this stage were spelling and substitution of some terms for words more commonly used in the Chilean language, verifying the consistency in the understanding of the items independently of the results obtained. Three versions were produced before the final version, all stages were developed in a systematic way, achieving an understandable and consistent translation with the Chilean population.
Conclusions
A version in Chilean Spanish of the DLOTCA instrument has finally been made available to the scientific community.
Characterization and general health conditions of workers in a Chilean industrial area: a worrying reality
(2022) Urrejola-Contreras, Gabriela Paz; Pérez-Lizama, Miguel Angel; Tiscornia-González, Caterina; Vásquez-Leiva, Alejandra; Pérez-Casanova, Daniela; Pincheira-Guzmán, Erika
Introduction: Within the occupational field, changes in the characteristics of work have revealed risks associated with static, repetitive work and little physical activity, which together with individual health conditions of workers can trigger diseases and musculoskeletal disorders. Objectives: To obtain a preliminary characterization of workers in an industrial area, including theirhealth and working conditions. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, developed with 69 men who worked in the industrial area of Viña del Mar, Chile. A clinical and occupational evaluation was carried out with the application of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire as well as the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Results: The following risk factors were identified: 53.6% of the workers were smokers, 92.8% presented low levels of physical activity, and 70.3% reported feeling pain in body segments that were physically required during their work tasks. Among all workers, 63% were overweight according to their body mass index and 62% presented high systolic pressure. Pain was mostly detected in the spine, and it was slightly associated with forklift operation by older workers (t-test p < 0.05). Conclusions: Workers were in the presence of cardiovascular and occupational risks. It is necessary to promote timely education and training on health conditions and to evaluate risks associated with machinery operation in order to prevent work-related pain.